ABSTRACT
ObjectiveFor children with dental fear who refuse to take oral medicine, the advantage of nasal administration remains undetermined. The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of oral and intranasal midazolam in children with dental fear by evaluating their physiological and behavioral responses.MethodsFrom January 2018 to May 2019, 112 children were selected from the Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of science and technology. Children were randomly divided into two groups: the oral group (oral midazolam) and the nasal group (nasal spray was used to spray midazolam into the nose), with 56 cases in each group. The sleep status, crying status, movement status and behavior scores were recorded at the beginning of administration, binding plate, local anesthesia, 5min, 10min, 15min, 20min and 25min respectively. The scores of Ramsay scale and behavior were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in sleep score between oral group (2.01±0.11) and nasal group (1.98±0.24) (P>0.05). The crying score [(2.0±0.3)], movement score [(2.1±0.1)], and behavior score [(2.0±0.5)] in the nasal group were significantly higher than those in the oral group [(1.3±0.1), (1.3±0.3), (1.4±0.2)], the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). ConclusionOral midazolam and intranasal midazolam have similar sedative effects for relieving children′s anxiety. However, the sedation effect was faster of oral midazolam, which can provide guidance for children in clinical oral medicine.
ABSTRACT
In order to explore the feasibility of gene therapy strategy based on the human atrial natriuretic peptide (hANP) gene delivery for the treatment of nephropathy and compare the diuretic activities of the hANP gene injected intramuscularly(i.m.) and intravenously(i.v.), the naked retroviral vector DNA harboring the hANP cDNA under the control of retroviral 5' long terminal repeat at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight was injected i.m. or i.v. into the nephrotic model rats induced with adriamycin(ADR) injected i.v. at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight. A single injection of the hANP gene resulted in a marked elevation in plasma level of hANP 5 days after gene delivery and a significant increase in the ratio of urine volume to body weight and the diuretic effect continued for more than 15 days. In addition, there was a significant rise in the body weight of treatment groups as compared with that of negative control group and no difference in the concentrations of electrolytes in urine between groups. There was no significant differences in total effects resulted from the two routes of gene delivery and the way of gene delivery through the skeletal muscle is simpler and easier. These results suggest that somatic gene delivery of the hANP gene could enhance the renal functions in nephrotic rats significantly and would be a potential strategy for the treatment of renal disorders.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Rats , Atrial Natriuretic Factor , Genetics , Body Weight , Disease Models, Animal , Diuresis , Doxorubicin , Toxicity , Genetic Therapy , Injections, Intramuscular , Injections, Intravenous , Kidney Diseases , Therapeutics , Proteinuria , Therapeutics , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the differential proteomics of ASMC stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 and to investigate the relations of protein profiles of ASMC to asthma and possible targets for the treatment of bronchial asthma.Methods The total proteins of ASMC stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 were separated by immobilized pH gradient(IPG)-based 2-DE and the differentially expressed protein spots were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption-time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS). Results The 2-DE detected approximately(840?21)spots on wild IL-13 samples and(892?17)spots on mutant IL-13 samples(n=3)and(685?19)spots matched.Six significantly differential proteins were subjected to MALDI-TOF-MS analysis and three of them were identified as stathmin 1,Ribosomal protein p~0 and NADH dehydrogenase.Conclusions ASMCs stimulated by wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13 present different proteomic profiles that may shed some light on the mechanism for the asthma causing effect of wild IL-13 and mutant IL-13.